Tunnel and shaft lining



B. H, M. HEWETT AND s. JOHANNESON.

TUNNEL AND SHAFT LINI NG. APPLICATION FILED SEPT, 25, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

r nvmvro s wmvmsss y/ 5 72 .s 0 fi Arm/mus Patented Apr 25, 1922.

B; H. M. HEWETT AND s'. JOHANNESSON.

TUNNEL AND SHAFT LINING.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT, 25, 1919.

, Patnt'ed ADI-.25,

INVENTORfi A TTORNEYS BERTRAJVL H. 'HEWETT, or NEWYORK, ;1 \T;. Y., ND sievALn J HANN S N F H UPrnnivroN'rcnAm, .NEW JERSEY.

TUNNEL Ann s Arr mums, Q

i Specificationof IletterslPatent. I "P tented Ap lidpplieatiomfiled.September 25, 19 19. 'ser ai'u 326.221.;

T0 allwhomi'tmay'cmwe'mtf I Y Be it'known that" we, BERTnAM -H. M3 Hnwnrr, asu'bject of the: King of Great Britainyand a; resident of the city of New York, Eltingville, borough: of Richmond; in the county of Richmond and State of New York, and Sieve-Ln JGHANNESSON, a

subject of the-Kingof Denmark and a resident of Upper -Montclair', inthe; county of Essex and Stateof New" J ersey,have in vented a newand Improved Tunnel and full, clear, andexact description This invention relates to new and usefu improvements in ti'innel and shaft construe tion, and: it pertains moreparticularly -to Shaft Lining; of wh-ich the followingis a new andimprovedjtun-neli and shaft lining. I

The primary object of=the-invention is to provide a tunnel or shaftlining which is capable of use in connection with tunnels or shafts of various cross-sectional shapes and dimensions. p

A further object of the invention is to 7 provide a tunnel or "shaft lining in which the several joints or seams are rendered water-tight without the caulking: usually employed. p 7

A still further object of they invention is to provide a lining for tunnels or shaftsv which is formed from a plurality of metallic sections so constructed that alarger portion of erection work maybe carried'out exteriorly of the tunnel than is possiblein the type of shield-driven lining at present employed.

A still further object of the invention is so to construct a tunnellining that its eX- terlor surface may be water-proofed, which present form operation is impossible in the of shield-driven tunnel linings. 1

A still further object of the invention is to construct a tunnel or shaft lining. in which the skin may be brought to a posi 'tion such that it is-in direct line of the axis of the rams used for forcin the tunnel shield ahead so thatdanger of damage to the rams and'the lining due to the'u'su'al ec-f centric location is obviated. 1 A still further object of the invention-is so to distribute the material used for a tunnel or -shaft lining that a minimum weight is used for any given set of conditions thus producing an economical design.

A still further object of the invention is r to provide a type of ttinnel or shaft lining 1 Figure'l'is atransverse sectional viewof a tunnel; or shaft constructs-din accordance with: the present lnVGIltIOI15- '7 F g. 2, 1s a detall longitudinal sectional View? I ing-"and the drivingrains.and'sh ieldj a modified 'form.

the several elements oft-he "-t' welded together. a

Referring more specifically to theidraw unnel liningare 3 is aflongitudinal sectionallview showing'therelation between-the tunnel lin-' i Fig. 4 1's a 'longitudinal sectional viewer f the Invention in ,whic'h L ings, A represents the earth through which the tunnel or shaft is driven, thistunnel or shaft being formed in any ordinary manner forwardly from the lined portion by means of jacks. The lining comprises aplurality including that by a shield which-ismoved of'ribs' B, which are shaped-to conform to Q the shape of the excavation. While; in the present instance this excavation-is shown as circular in'cros's sectional form, it is to be understood that the same may be" of any shape desired. These ribs B are made up of a plurality ofsections of steel plateswhich v are indicated by the reference character C.

The, ribs B1 are made up asfollows There is a steel plate web C, the inner edge of which is provided-with angle irons D, whi'ch' are curved or shapedlongitu-dinally'to conform to theshape of said ribs. The sides of the,

angle irons D, whichengage the side faces of the webs C, maybe secured to the webs by irons form a continuous flange designated the outer edges of the sections C and atwelding. lVhen in position the inner angle by the reference character E. Spaced fronr tached onopposite sides thereof are angle irons F. These angle irons F may likewise,

be welded to the sections C. By welding the angle irons E and F- to" the members G a seepage of wateris. prevented and the processof caulking eliminated. The sections of the ribs are connected together by'welding or other suitable means, 4 7 While the several rib sections B are being placed in position in spaced relation to each other as indicated in Fig. 2 of the drawing,

or after the rib sections have been so placed ll 'the latter prove more convenient, the skin or hnlng H is placed in position, this SlZlIl' or lining being supported on and attached to the outer set of angle irons F In the present instance, the skln or lining H is shown as consisting of concrete. It is to be understood, however, that the lining rnay be formed of Wood or metal, or any other material considered suitable, If metal is used for the skin, itwill be understood that the same may be Welded in order to prevent the seepage of Water inte the tunnel or shaft,

' skin.

i be made in the skin H at desired points in order that concrete or other'suitable material may be forced therethrough for the pur pose of filling voids on the exterior of the In Fig. 3 the manner of forming the tunnel and the relation of the rams to the tunnel lining and the driving shield is shown. In

this figure, therams 10 are positioned against one of the rib'me nbers 0 1n such a manner that the thrust of the rams Will be in direct From the foregoingflt will be seen that the present invention provides atunnel 0r shaft structure in which advantages are had over the types and constructions as at present used, and that, at the same time, the operation of erecting the lining is facilitated;

, Having thus described the invention, What is'claimed as new is:

In a structure ofthe a plurality of ribs comprising sections of steel plates, inner and outer angle irons -at tached to said sections, and skin plates attached to said ribs andto the outer angle irons, said ribs, inner and outer angle irons,

and skin plates being Welded to each other to prevent Water from entering the structure. V

. BERTRAM H. M. HEWETT. SIG'VALD J OHANNESSON;

character described, 

